Norovirus
Norovirus, a common and highly contagious stomach bug, is on the rise. According to the CDC, recent weeks have seen a sharp increase in reported outbreaks, making it essential to understand how this virus spreads, its symptoms, and how to protect yourself.
Let’s break it down into what you need to know.
What Is Norovirus?
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the U.S., responsible for:
- 19–21 million illnesses annually
- Over 465,000 emergency department visits
- More than 100,000 hospitalizations
Also known as the winter vomiting bug, norovirus spreads rapidly in places like:
- Schools and daycares
- Cruise ships
- Nursing homes
- Prisons
How Is Norovirus Spread?
Norovirus spreads easily through:
- Direct contact with an infected person.
- Contaminated surfaces, like doorknobs, utensils, and countertops.
- Shared food or drink with someone infected.
- Airborne particles from vomit or fecal matter.
Symptoms of Norovirus
Symptoms typically appear suddenly and include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea and stomach cramps
- Fatigue, low-grade fever, chills, headaches, and muscle aches
How Long Do Symptoms Last?
Most people recover within 1–2 days, but dehydration can cause complications, especially in vulnerable groups like infants, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions.
What To Do If You Think You Have Norovirus
Key Steps for Recovery:
- Stay hydrated: Drink water, electrolyte solutions (e.g., Pedialyte), or sports drinks.
- Avoid dehydration: Nursing moms should continue breastfeeding even if they or their baby have symptoms.
When to See a Doctor:
Contact a healthcare professional if:
- You see blood in stool or have high fever.
- Vomiting prevents you from keeping fluids down.
- Symptoms persist beyond 2 days.
- Vulnerable individuals, like infants or the elderly, exhibit severe symptoms or dehydration (e.g., reduced wet diapers in babies).
Preventing the Spread of Norovirus
Food Safety Tips:
- Avoid preparing or handling food if you’re symptomatic and for at least 2 days after symptoms subside.
- Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating or preparing food.
- Disinfect contaminated surfaces with bleach-based solutions.
Additional Precautions:
- Wash raw fruits and vegetables well.
- Avoid raw or undercooked meats. Use a thermometer to ensure safe cooking temperatures.
- Do not eat perishable foods left out for over 2 hours.
Other Foodborne Illnesses to Watch For
While norovirus is a leading cause of foodborne illness, others include:
- E. coli
- Salmonella
- Listeria
General Tips for Food Safety:
- Practice frequent hand hygiene.
- Avoid sharing meals or utensils if you have any gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Use hand sanitizers when soap and water are unavailable.
Engagement Question:
What steps do you take to prevent foodborne illnesses in your home? Have you ever experienced norovirus? Share your tips and experiences in the comments!